This report by WAAS Fellow Bernard Lietaer and his associates addresses important theoretical and practical issues regarding modern monetary systems. The central thesis of the report is that effective monetary systems must optimize performance on two comple-mentary goals — effciency of transactions and resilience in the face of destabilizing forces and  events.  National  monetary  systems maximize  effciency,  but  they lack  the  resilience to prevent  catastrophic events such as  those that have plagued the  global nancial markets and global economy over the past four years. The report advocates adoption of a variety of counter-cyclic, complementary currency systems to supplement and compensate for the inadequacies and vulnerabilities of national money systems....

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